Abstract:
Objective With the large-scale integration of renewable energy, the demand for primary frequency regulation in power systems is growing. Traditional thermal power units face severe challenges due to their insufficient regulation performance. To address this technical challenge, this study focuses on an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) energy storage system for thermal power primary frequency regulation.
Method Relying on the energy storage project of Huaneng Luoyuan Power Plant, a multi-level system design—spanning cell selection, module design, cluster integration, and a 1 MW/30 s prefabricated container—was completed based on 3.0 V/3400 F EDLC cells. An experimental platform was established to test key performance indicators, including module temperature rise, cell cycle life, and high-temperature durability. Finally, the primary frequency regulation response capability of the system was verified through simulation.
Result The experimental results indicate that under a maximum regulation frequency of 30 cycles/h, the maximum temperature rise of the module is only 21 ℃. After 900000 cycles at room temperature, the capacity retention is 75.86%, while the capacity retention after 20000 cycles at 65 ℃ is 82.47%. Simulation results demonstrate that the system's power response delay is <50 ms, the output accuracy deviation is ≤ ±2.1%, and the charge-discharge turnaround time is only 60 ms.
Conclusion The designed EDLC energy storage system exhibits the core characteristics of "fast turnaround and precise output", which can effectively improve the primary frequency regulation performance of thermal power units. This study provides a comprehensive design and experimental basis for the large-scale engineering application of EDLCs in the field of thermal power frequency regulation.
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