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RSS2016 Vol. 3, No. 4
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2016, 3(4): 1-7.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.001
Abstract:
Recently, the third revesion of Standard Review Plan for the review of safety analysis reports for nuclear power plants (SRP Rev.3) issued by U. S.A NRC in 2007 has been translated and published by Beijing Review Center of Nuclear Safety, which states clearly National Nuclear Security Administration will carry out the most rigorous international standards in safety review of nuclear projects. In this investigation we studied the different versions of Seismic System Analysis SRP 3.7.2 in 1989, 2007 and 2013, combined with the past practical experiences of nuclear seismic analysis, then concluded the technical explanation and reviews according to the acceptance criteria of each standard clause. The results shown that the 2013 version of SRP was clearer in concept and more perfect in operation. This work provides good guidance for seismic system analysis of NPPs.
2016, 3(4): 8-12.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.002
Abstract:
Based on the integrated creation at synergy of DES/CCHP with grid peak-shaving, which results win-win, the new energy hierachy and new challenge in grid power-balancing at the era of renewable energy and Internet + Intelliget Energy are foresighted. It is predicted that large-scale DES/CCHP operating as 16h/d and photovoltaic-based small-scale DES with power-storage will be the main approaches for the day/night and stochastic grid power-balancing respectively. Finally, it is pointed out that reform towards marketing mechanism for electricity trading, intelligent micro-grid constructing and distribution network reforming, as well as the march towards Smart Grid and Energy Internet by mean of Internet, Big-data, Cloud Computing and Artificial Intelligent, are the determinated factors.
2016, 3(4): 13-17.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.003
Abstract:
Distributed generation using natural gas has multiple advantages, safe, clean, efficient, and so on. Therefore, distributed natural gas developed rapidly in China. Under the background of improving price system, this article outlined the relationship between market supply and demand of natural gas, and introduced the current situation of natural gas industry. We studied its tariff policy and power generation incentives; additionally we summed up the problem of distributed natural gas and put forward some relevant policy recommendations.
2016, 3(4): 18-22.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.004
Abstract:
As the stage product of the distributed energy-development, the micro-network is an effective use of distributed energy as well as an effective complement to the big power grid, its feasibility has been adequately demonstrated. With the advance of electricity reform, as the new permitted electricity sales principal, micro-grid's economic benefits have attracted widespread attention of grid companies and third-party investors. The paper builds four typical configuration schemes of distributed energy including join-grid micro-grid and off-grid micro-grid, then analyzes the economic benefits of the different types of micro-grid by the economic estimates in full lifecycle. Finally, future micro-grid operational mode is proposed with combining the market reform of electricity sales side.
2016, 3(4): 23-25,31.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.005
Abstract:
A reasonable and scientific vision of the urban power grid structure can ensure the safe operation of power grids and long-term stability. According to the characteristics of power supply, network connection and power distribution, this paper combs and analyzes the network frame models of domestic and foreign target power grid, and illustrates double-loop network frame model and Grouped subarea division model. The paper also puts forward the advantages and disadvantages of various types of network models. Then it focuses on the analysis of typical large city grid in China, such as Beijing and Shanghai, and analyzes the grid structure, operation experience and design principles of Beijing and Shanghai power grid, especially operation mode of 500 kV terminal substations, which provides references for the development of other cities.
2016, 3(4): 26-31.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.006
Abstract:
Nowadays energy conservation estimate is carried out by professional consulting companies or electric power design institutes. When electric power design institutes carry out this job, they often meet questions and difficulties. In this paper, combining with the "Energy conservation estimate and review guide of fixed assets investment projects (2014)" , according to the experience of report writing and reviewing, the author discusses the key points on the report for reference for the electric power design designers.
2016, 3(4): 32-36.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.007
Abstract:
The frequent changes of coal calorific value seriously affect the characteristics and efficiency of direct air-cooling unit. Source instability of coal in thermal power plant and difficulty in getting the actual calorific value of coal real-time and accuracy brings great difficulties for the design of unit coordinated control system.Therefore, A model-based fuel BTU correction method for direct air-cooling unit. is studied. The ratio between the actual value of the unit load and the forecast load of the unit model is used to reflect the relationship between the calorific value of the actual coal and design of calorific value of coal. Therefore, the fuel quantity entering the boiler is corrected in real time and the influence of coal calorific value variation on the unit coordinated control system is eliminated. Through simulation experiment and actual data validation, the coordination control system has good control quality in the case of frequent coal calorific value fluctuation and there is no effect when coal calorific value is stable. What's more, the obtained BTU correction coefficient is not affected by the input signal of model, which can accurately reflect the actual coal calorific value changes in real time. This method is feasible and effective and it can be adapted to the frequent changes of coal quality in the field.
2016, 3(4): 37-41.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.008
Abstract:
±1 100 kV UHVDC transmission project is the first time to construct, especially for the ±1 100 kV DC yard design, there is no experience to learn. the calculation and design of ±1 100 kV DC switchyard conductor are important parts of the converter station design, which is benifical to the safe, reliable and economical operation of the project. In this paper, the mathematica model of DC conductor is proposed considering the corona and total electric field strength, which is simulated by the matlab. The maximum surface electric field at the conductor and original corona are calculated. Also the electric field strength in different space is calculated, and then we can get the electric field strength at the floor, while the conductors are installed at different height. Finally, suggestions of ±1 100 kV conductor design are presented, including both indoor and outdoor equipment layout.
2016, 3(4): 42-46.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.009
Abstract:
Superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is an effective measure to limit short circuit current in power grid. The equipment research and development of 500 kV SFCL has been greatly developed. This paper makes a study on connecting to power grid engineering solution for 500 kV SFCL. Firstly, working principle of SFCL is introduced, and fault type of SFCL is classified according to 220 kV and 35 kV SFCL situation in operation. Then based on the equipment characters and demand of power grid, a recommend single line scheme is represented which has advantages such as, more reliability, flexible operation, and easy construction etc. In the end, two layout solutions for different engineering environment conditions are represented.
2016, 3(4): 47-53.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.010
Abstract:
Aluminum-clad steel wire has excellent performance of mechanical, electrical and anti-corrosion. By replacing Zinc-coated steel with aluminum-clad steel wire, aluminum-cad steel core aluminum stranded wire has lighter weight, smaller resistance, better anti-corrosion performance and better sag characteristics, compared to the traditional ACSR, especially suitable for coastal and heavy polluted area. Composed of 20.3%IACS aluminum-clad steel wire and high conductivity aluminum conductor, the new energy-saving conductor i. e. high conductivity aluminum conductor aluminum-clad steel reinforced cable can superpose two materials' energy-saving effect, and further reduce AC resistance about 1.6%~2.7% compared with the same specifications of the Zinc-coated steel core high conductivity aluminum cable. A typical example of 500 kV transmission line shows, JL3/LB20 and JL2/LB20 type of the new energy-saving conductor has a notable energy conservation economic effect and worth promoting.
2016, 3(4): 54-59.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.011
Abstract:
By Increasing the maximum allowed earth resistance on safety premise, the high cost of reducing the earth resistance of substations in high soil resistivity area can be effectively controlled. Therefore, this paper analysis the influence of circuit number to the system fault current, split factor and ground fault current, further the maximum allowed earth resistance. It is suggested to use computer simulation instead of simple formula to calculate the split factor, so as to overcome the problem of limitation and deviation of the formula. CDEGS is employed to analysis a 220 kV substation in the southwest of China. The results show that a smaller design value of ground fault current can be obtained when the circuit changes is considered. That is effective to increase the maximum allowed earth resistance and enhance economics.
2016, 3(4): 60-63.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.012
Abstract:
The influences on DC vertical ground electrode design are analyzed in view of different operating conditions and layering of soil resistivity. Heating problem is more serious while continuous running time under rated current is longer. Radius of electrode well should be enlarged and the construction difficulties become higher, accordingly. Distribution of current releasing-density and step voltage are under the influence of different type of Layering of soil resistivity. The suggestions are given as follows: optimize the input criterion sensibly, reduce continuous running time under rated current, current releasing-density and step voltage of electrode. In addition, for vertical ground electrode , the impact to surroundings can't be reduced compared to horizontal ground electrode. The difference of impact to surroundings is small for different type of ground electrodes.
2016, 3(4): 64-68,101.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.013
Abstract:
Conductor selection is one of the key technologies of UHVAC power transmission, which has a very important influence on the safe operation and economic operation of the line. According to the boundary conditions, such as transport capacity, electromagnetic environment, operating temperature, safety factor, the paper makes a comprehensive comparison of the 16 kinds of wires in the electrical and mechanical properties. At the same time, according to the characteristics of different nature of power supply (thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power), the selection and matching of the units of the supplementary investment, access to electricity, the number of hours per year, and other parameters for the annual cost analysis, the proposed recommendation for the construction of engineering.
2016, 3(4): 69-72.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.014
Abstract:
Emergency communication, as a key component of comprehensive emergency security system, provides real-time effective guarantee for diverse crisis scenes. The importance of emergency communication increases significantly. Most of pumped-storage power plants locate in the valley , requiring more for the emergency communication systems. This paper proposes four major solutions for emergency communication, and compares the merits and demerits. Finally, the solution for the connection between the plant and the command center is provided.
2016, 3(4): 73-77,101.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.015
Abstract:
In China, with the rapid and sustainable development of economy and the growing process of urbanization and industrialization, all kinds of air pollutants are increasingly emitted, which causes the pressures of preventing the air pollution continuing to strengthen. In response to the national need and introducing the advanced environmental concepts at home and abroad, the company plans to do the environmental protection and upgrade the environmental equipments for two circulating fluidized boilers with the application of the most scientific and mature environmental technology to re-trofit the flue gas de-sulfurization. The emission limits of major pollutants will reach the international leading level.
2016, 3(4): 78-81,101.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.016
Abstract:
This paper focuses on the three main treatment processes of FGD waste water zero-discharging: distillation treatment, reverse osmosis treatment & forward osmosis treatment. By mean of comparing their technical performances and costs, combined with the site condition of QingYuan Power Plant the paper recomands reverse osmosis treatment process as the superior option, which provides a piont of view for selection of FGD waste water zero-discharging treatment opitons to the owner in next stage of the projcet.
2016, 3(4): 82-87.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.017
Abstract:
Some gas turbine power plants have inevitably been in the inner range of cities because of urbanization that speeds up day by day and massive electrical construction . This paper has defined the concept of "urban gas turbine power plant" and described the basic characteristic of urban gas turbine power plant .The author has emphasized the "urban characteristic" and the relationship of the power plant and the city. Then analyses the landscape design principle which based on "urban characteristic" . After that, the author analyzed from the aspects of territory, culture, urban design, industrial design, physical environment etc. to emphasized the design contents that should be focused on landscape design. In the end, the author has concluded the anticipative goals of landscape design for urban gas turbine power plant.
2016, 3(4): 88-91,101.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.018
Abstract:
The internal force and displacement of piles under horizontal load are calculated, and the m method is recommended for the design of pile foundation. The disadvantage of m method is that the stiffness of the soil is very far from the assumption that the soil is replaced by the soil in the region near the cap when the horizontal bearing capacity of the piles is significantly increased. In this paper, 2K method is used to analyze the internal force and deformation of piles under horizontal load, and the two lateral spring stiffness of the soil. The application of 2K method in engineering is widely: the pile foundation near the soil for filling or reinforcement, the larger diameter of the pile body, the upper part of the pile body is set to increase, the pile foundation displacement will be reduced, and the pile's bearing capacity can be improved, and the internal force of pile can be calculated, It can be more accurate to consider its effect on the pile top, the horizontal bearing capacity of piles, the pile bending moment of the pile top, the bending moment of piles, the pile bending moment, the pile body bending moment, the pile body bending moment, and the pile foundation design. If the pile is built into the calculation model, the four stiffness parameters can be obtained by this method, and it can save the large degree of freedom of the pile modeling and its internal unit. The model is more easy to maintain, and this is an important milestone in the development of integrated modeling.
2016, 3(4): 92-95.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.019
Abstract:
A rapid error checking method of geological model in civil engineering is proposed based on hexahedral finite elements. Firstly the node and element index information of each unit is split into six space surfaces, then it is divided into common surface element and special surface element, by means of the coordinates of nodes and topological relation errors is self-checking and all special surface element is written to AutoCAD by 3DFACE in order to locate the errors. The case analysis shows that the method is in high efficiency, which can make the model errors appearing at the same time, then help to modify the geometry location in numerical model. This method can cost little time and avoid the calculation distortion caused by improper connection results, and is a effective tool for pretreatment of continuous numerical simulation.
2016, 3(4): 96-101.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.020
Abstract:
With the large-scale surge tank engineering of a certain hydropower station as the research background, generalized analysis of the media type, the initial stress field, the main structure surface and groundwater was carried out; three dimensional numerical calculation model was established to simulate cavern construction; the stress and displacement change distribution of surrounding rock in the construction process were analyzed; some significant conclusions obtained by comparison the calculating displacement with the measured displacement. Studies show that, the calculation constitutive model and the initial stress field can produce certain effect to surrounding rock stability; surrounding rock is relatively stable in the construction process; for the large-scale surge tank engineering of such hydropower station, it is closer to real characteristics of surrounding rock that both the elastic-plastic constitutive model and tectonic stress field are chosen to participate in numerical simulation in the construction process, which has important guiding significance for the numerical calculation of other related engineering problems.
2016, 3(4): 102-106,112.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.021
Abstract:
Soft clay is mainly composed of tiny-particle. Its physical and mechanical properties are closely related to specific surface area (SSA for short). Therefore, SSA test of soft clay is helpful for analyzing its physical and mechanical properties. EGME method and BET method are adopted to carry tests on bentonite, kaolinite, quartz, feldspar and their mixtures, Shenzhen soil and Kuwait soil. The results show that the mineral type has great influence on SSA; the SSA of Shenzhen soil is smaller than Kuwait soil; total and external SSA of samples can be measured respectively by EGME and BET method. The SSA tests in this paper possess great reference significance for understanding of physical mechanism that influences the physical and mechanical properties in soft clay.
2016, 3(4): 107-112.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.022
Abstract:
In this paper, Baochu tower as an example, to explore the use of ground-based lidar and unmanned aerial technology to produce large-scale tower orthophotos orthophoto map technical process and key issues. Engineering practice proves that, based on the point cloud, the large-scale tower tower orthophoto map can effectively eliminate the projection error brought by the traditional photos and meet the engineering requirements. At the same time, the UAV technology is used to collect the ancient tower facade texture, Effectively overcome the scaffolding occlusion and other issues, not only greatly reduces the data processing time within the industry, but also to ensure the greatest degree of authenticity of the ancient tower texture for the next step pagoda structure safety assessment work provides first-hand real information.
2016, 3(4): 113-118.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.023
Abstract:
Reanalysis dataset MERRA is used to analysis the characteristics of wind direction in Guangdong offshore from 1991 to 2010. A theoretical model of offshore wind farm with 20 wind turbine generators of 4MW and regular layout is employed to finish numerical experiments for the effects of wind direction on layout optimization, including seasonal variation, sector division and fluctuation in frequency distribution. Four different types of layouts are then compared and results show that parallelogram layout is more flexible than rectangular layout. Besides, layout orientating optimization needs more than 16 sectors in wind direction division. Different orientation and type of layouts are sensitive to fluctuation and distortion of wind direction frequency distribution. Therefore, the sensitivity tests with dynamic distribution model are crucial to determine the robustness of recommended layout.
2016, 3(4): 119-122.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.024
Abstract:
Offshore wind farm is abundant of wind resources, which generally results in rich wave energy resources. The third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH-III was used to simulate the wave field data over last fifteen years in an offshore wind farm in Guangdong province. In order to decide the feasibility of the development and utilization of wave energy resources, the wave energy density, frequency of wave energy rank and stability of wave energy density were analyzed by numerical modelling result.
2016, 3(4): 123-127.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.025
Abstract:
In this paper, combined with the thinking mode of complexity science management, basic theory and research methods, the applications of complexity scientific management thinking to our country is on the rise of pumped storage power plant construction project management, through the system thinking mode and method of complex scientific management study on engineering management of pumped storage power station project in Xinyuan company.
2016, 3(4): 128-132.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.026
Abstract:
In face of the domestic and international engineering construction market with increasingly fierce competition, the engineering corporations having developed from the traditional power auxiliary units are urgent to improve management & control mode. Therefore, this paper introduces the enterprise dynamic capabilities into the group management & control, establishes the flexible adaptive organization, designs the management & control mode and responsibility system with considering the differences of commercial type and development stage. Meanwhile, this paper explores the mechanism by which the dynamic capabilities is acting on the group management & control, it is that the external environment forces enterprises to discover their own shortage in resource and capacity and increase their input to cover the shortage, promote internal management by this, this process will feedback the new capacity needs, and then promote the endogenous innovation of the dynamic capabilities.
2016, 3(4): 133-141.
doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2016.04.027
Abstract:
To effectively reduce the risk of engineering activities, strengthen engineering risk management and control, promote the development of engineering risk disciplines in China, the first National Youth Symposium on Engineering Risk Assessment and Control was held at academic center of Shanghai Jiaotong Univeisity (Minhang Campus) on October 22, 2016. The symposium was hosted by the Engineering Risk and Insurance Research Branch of China Civil Engineering Society, co-hosted by Shanghai Jiaotong Univeisity and Tongji University, co-sponsored by National Natural Science Fund Committee, Engineering Practice of Risk Assessment and Management Committee (TC304) of the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE), editorial board of Southern Energy Construction, and National University of Clemson Risk Engineering and Systems Analytic Center (RESA, Clemson University). The symposium focused on various topics, such as engineering accident and risk control, engineering risk management and insurance, etc. It achieves fruitful ourcomes and provides a great forum for young researchers to exchange their ideas and discuss theoretical and practical issues in engineering risk field.
