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2021 Vol. 8, No. 1

Cover & Contents
2021, 8(1)
Abstract:
Reviews & Progress
Discuss on Cultivation and Construction of China Technology Market in New Period
Bo TIAN
2021, 8(1): 1-17. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.001
Abstract:
  Introduction  This paper summarized the formation and development of the China technology market since China's reform and opening up, as well as the great practices and outstanding theoretical contributions by the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese government in the process of cultivating and constructing the technology market by focusing on studying and exploring what the technology market is and how to build it, based on the opportunity of unprecedented changes in co-existence of chances and challenges, and from the perspective of further strengthening the cultivation and construction of the China technology market in the new period.  Method  From the perspective of summing up experience and learning lessons, with the viewpoint of dialectical materialism, based on the problems regarding further strengthening the cultivation and construction of the China technology market in the new period and in terms of government management under the market mechanism, this paper analyzed the relationship between the cultivation and construction of the technology market, the master-slave relationship between the technology market and the talent and capital markets, the relationship between cultivating and establishing the scientific and technological service chain and aligning it with the scientific and technological innovation chain and the industrial chain, and the great significance of building a powerful scientific and technological service market and promoting the healthy development and continued prosperity of the China technology market in the new period.  Result  This paper holds that the China technology market as a prominent social phenomenon in a country where the market economy has not been completely formed, is the result of the great choice prudently made by the central government after boldly breaking free from the shackles of the outdated planned economic system — implementing commodity economy and pursuing market economy until it establishes a national market economic system. It fully reflects the persistence, dashing and innovative spirit and bold practice of the Chinese people and scientific and technological staff in implementing the central government's reform and opening-up policy, and the country's unprecedented great practice of "vigorously exploring the technology market". It also presents their huge achievements in boosting national scientific and technological progress and national economic development. From theory to practice, the central government has successfully made a historical leap from the planned economic system to the initially established market economic system. This shift marks the Chinese people's theoretical contribution to scientific socialism in the world, which has important theoretical value and contemporary significance. This paper raises a series of viewpoints with a certain research depth and exploration value. Especially with regard to the logical relationship between the emergence of the Chinese technology market and the proposal of the policy that requires the country to carry out reform and opening up, and the establishment of a socialist market economic system, this paper analyzed the master-slave positioning and interactive relationship between the technology market and other socialist production factor markets in China. In addition, it put forward its unique views and suggestions, especially on the major contributions made by the technology market to promoting the national scientific and technological progress and the rapid development of the national economy.  Conclusion  This paper sorts out and analyzes the activities in the Chinese technology market and various problems in practice, clearly reveals the essence and connotation of the technology market, and clarifies its functions and roles. In order to further develop the technology market in the new period and continue to play its roles in promoting the country's economic and social development and building a powerful country in science and technology, service and manufacturing, this paper calls on the Chinese government to effectively strengthen management and services regarding the construction and cultivation of the market, and take quick actions to make the two major tasks to be the important responsibilities and central themes for building an innovative country in the process of building and cultivating the Chinese technology market in the new period under the market economy system. These tasks and responsibilities refer to changing the current work system of the technology market where operation and management are not distinguished, as well as creating and developing a sound development environment to build a powerful scientific and technological service market.
Integrated Energy Systems
Design and Application of Integrated Energy Management System in Industrial Park
Chuhong HUANG, Xueyue PANG
2021, 8(1): 18-24. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.002
Abstract:
  Introduction  Generally, there are various energy forms in industrial park, such as cold, heat, electricity, gas and so on. In most instances, the coupling of various types of energy isn't strong and mutual coordinated conversion isn't realized efficiently, resulting in widespread energy waste and shortage in industrial park. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the research on comprehensive energy management system of industrial park, so as to accomplish the operation optimization and control of the energy in industrial park.  Method  This paper described the system architecture, key application of the integrated energy management system based on the characteristics of the energy in industrial park.  Result  The designed integrated energy management system can provide technology support for coordinated and optimized operation of various energy sources in industrial park.  Conclusion  Integrated energy management system of industrial park can integrate the controllable resources of various energy forms and improve energy utilization efficiency and achieve the sustainable development of energy in industrial park.
Typical Case Analysis of the Building-type CCHP System
Hui CHEN, Ying LIU, Longsheng ZHAO
2021, 8(1): 25-30. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.003
Abstract:
  Introduction  The paper aims to obtain optimal configuration and operation strategy of the distributed energy system which is based on the calculation of the annual typical daily cooling, heating and electric load demand of various buildings.  Method  The energy station was equipped with a variety of energy-saving and cost saving equipments, such as internal combustion engine, flue gas and hot water lithium bromide unit, centrifugal electric refrigeration (heat pump) unit, ground source heat pump, gas-fired hot water boiler and water storage (heat) tank, which realized the gradient utilization of energy and better match the load demand of the client.  Result  The results show that it is feasible in technology and economy.  Conclusion  Reasonable allocation of units in the energy station can save investment, protect environment and save energy. Make use of the difference between peak and valley electricity prices which can reduce operating costs and improve system efficiency.
Solar Power
Design and Development of Simulator for Molten Salt Tower Solar Thermal Power Station
Tao QIU, Feng WU, Xiaowei MENG, Wei WANG
2021, 8(1): 31-36. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.004
Abstract:
  Introduction  In order to solve the problem that the control logic is difficult to verify and the operating personnel lack experience during the construction and daily operation of the molten salt tower solar thermal power station.  Method  A simulator for tower type molten salt solar thermal power station was developed The virtual DPU technology and softwareized object configuration technology were adopted in the logic configuration, the same numerical model and design parameters as the actual power station were utilized.  Result  The simulation test results show that the simulator had a good realization of power plant production process simulation and simulation operation, and can meet the requirements of logic configuration verification. The main function of the simulator had been demonstrated by real instances.  Conclusion  The research findings provides effective methods and means for design optimization, engineering verification and confirmation, operator training in the construction of molten salt tower solar thermal power station.
Offshore Wind Power
Research on Grouting Construction of Icebreaking Cone Structure of Single Pile in Dalian Offshore Wind Power Project
Xuan SUN, Qiang WANG, Mengchao LI, Mingqiu ZHONG, Xiangsheng HUANG
2021, 8(1): 37-44. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.005
Abstract:
  Introduction  The icebreaking cone structure is a unique structure of the offshore wind power single pile foundation structure in north. The installation of the icebreaking cone is one of the key points and difficulties in the construction of the single pile foundation. The grouting connection technology solves this problem through assembled construction successfully. For the first time in China, a single pile icebreaking cone structure is used in an offshore wind power project in Dalian.  Method  Supported by the engineering practice of the project’s icebreaking cone grouting construction he critical technique of single pile icebreaking cone grounding construction was studied including installation preparation, grouting material selection, grouting pipeline design and optimization, grouting plugging and grouting construction quality control etc.  Result  In this study, by using Ugrount® SKG-V, self-developed high-strength grouting material, the small-scale containerized integrated marine wind power grouting equipment and the self-developed underwater grouting technology, the material and construction performance had met the requirements, and the grouting connection between single pile icebreaking cone structure and single pile was successfully completed for the first time.  Conclusion  This material and technology are expected to be widely applied in the single pile foundation structure of offshore wind power in northern China.
Research on Compact Layout of Large Capacity Offshore Flexible DC Converter Station
Sheng LIU
2021, 8(1): 45-50. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.006
Abstract:
  Introduction  Due to the technology blockade by foreign manufacturers, the research on the application of large capacity offshore flexible DC transmission technology in China is still in a blank stage. The paper presents a compact layout scheme for the large capacity offshore flexible DC converter station, which not only meets the requirements of process flow, but also minimizes the size of the platform.  Method  According to the function orientation and working principle, the converter station could be divided into five areas: AC field, valve hall, bridge arm electric reactor area, DC field and auxiliary room. Through the study of the layout principle of each area, the recommended layout scheme was given.  Result  The compact layout plan plays an important role in improving the reliability of the offshore converter station, alleviating construction and maintenance work and reducing the overall cost of the project.  Conclusion  Flexible DC transmission is developing towards the direction of large capacity, high voltage and long-distance transmission, which is the best proposal for large capacity offshore wind power output. The compact layout scheme proposed in the paper can play a good role in guiding the large capacity offshore flexible DC converter station, and has a high reference value.
Analysis and Application of Wind Speed Interpolation in Wind Farm Based on BP Neural Network Method
Kan ZHENG, Yufeng WEI, Zhisheng WEN, Mengxia ZHU, Yuxiang HE
2021, 8(1): 51-55. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.007
Abstract:
  Introduction  Accurate wind resource data is of great significance to wind resource evaluation and power generation calculation of wind farm. Due to mechanical failure, weather factors and human influence, there are many problems in wind speed data acquisition, such as short collection time, many discontinuities,data distortion and so on,which bring a lot of trouble to the evaluation of wind resources.  Method  At present,the traditional interpolation method based on MCP method for discontinuous data interpolation and fitting in the wind power industry is not accurate enough. In this paper, the wind resource data prediction scheme based on neural network algorithm was proposed for wind speed interpolation of wind turbine and wind speed interpolation of wind measurement mast.  Result  The results show that the interpolation effect of BP neural network is better than the traditional interpolation method,and the wind speed interpolation of anemometer tower in flat terrain is better than that in complex terrain.  Conclusion  The research shows that the wind speed interpolation technology based on BP neural network method is suitable for wind speed interpolation application of wind farm, and the accuracy of wind resource assessment is significantly improved.
Research on Calculation and Control of Positive Pressure Air Supply System for Offshore Booster Station
Fengbin YANG, Xianti ZHANG, Chunlei WANG, Wenlong SUN
2021, 8(1): 56-60. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.008
Abstract:
  Introduction  The paper aims to maintain a good and safe operating environment for offshore booster station, reduce the corrosion effect of high-salt and high-humidity gas on the equipment, and increase the service life of process equipment, the calculation method and control method of ensuring the indoor positive pressure are analyzed.  Method  Through the comparative analysis of the calculation results of the gap method and the number of air changes method, the calculation principle of the positive pressure air supply was determined. Through variable air volume adjustment and residual pressure valve control analysis, the indoor positive pressure control method was determined.  Result  The results show that the indoor positive pressure air supply volume of offshore booster station should be calculated according to the gap method, and the conventional number of air change method is not suitable for the scenario. At the end of the variable air volume, a smaller air volume is suggested to be used to achieve precise positive pressure control and reduce energy consumption significantly.  Conclusion  The research results can quickly and accurately calculate the positive pressure air supply volume, and at the same time can realize the precise control of the positive pressure air supply system, which provides theoretical guidance for the design of the anti-salt and anti-fog positive pressure air supply system for offshore booster station.
Risk Assessment Method for Anchoring Accident of High Voltage Submarine Cable
Chujun LUO, Jian LI, Qinghua WU, Shengfeng ZHANG
2021, 8(1): 67-73. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.010
Abstract:
  Introduction  Cable damage and power failure caused by anchoring damage will cause serious economic loss and social impact. In order to reduce the risk of anchor damage accident of submarine cable, a risk assessment method of high-voltage submarine cable anchoring accident is proposed.  Method  According to the cause of the accident, this paper divided the anchor damage accident into two cases: anchor dropping accident and anchor dragging accident, and modeling and calculation were carried out for these two cases respectively Based on the research of single cable anchor damage risk, the anchor damage risk of multiple cables was studied.  Result  According to the model calculation results, it is concluded that the number of cables, warning distance and ship speed are the important influencing factors of anchor damage accident. Meanwhile, with the decrease of cable number, the increase of warning distance and the increase of ship speed, the risk of high-voltage submarine cable anchoring accident will be effectively reduced.  Conclusion  The proposed model can effectively evaluate the risk of high voltage submarine cable anchor damage accident, and provide theoretical guidance for the protection and optimization design of submarine cable.
The Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Management System for Offshore Wind Farms
Yuan YANG, Shaoyong WANG, Jiangping TAN, Liang CHEN
2021, 8(1): 74-79. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.011
Abstract:
  Introduction  Aiming at the operation & maintenance and safety management of offshore wind farm, the intelligent operation and maintenance management system for offshore wind farms is proposed.  Method  Through the intelligent dispatching system of offshore wind power, multi-source tracking and boundary warning system of offshore wind power radar, and operation supervision system of offshore wind farm wind turbine platform, the intelligent operation and maintenance management system of offshore wind farm was built.  Result  Through the offshore wind power intelligent dispatching system of the onshore centralized control center, personnel safety management and ship dispatching can be realized. Through the offshore wind power radar multi-source tracking and boundary warning system, the full-range tracking of ships in the ocean area is realized, and the safety of the wind turbines and submarine cables of the offshore wind farm can be ensured. Through the wind turbine platform's offshore wind farm fan platform operation supervision system, the comprehensive management of wind turbine operators on the wind turbine platform can be assured.  Conclusion  Therefore, it can realize the overall management of personnel, ships and wind turbines in offshore wind farms, it effectively ensures the safety management of personnel and ship scheduling, improves the safety of wind turbines and submarine cables of offshore wind farms, and realizes the intelligent operation and maintenance efficiency of offshore wind farms, which is expected to be applied and promoted in the project.
Thermal Power Generation
Real-time Compensation Strategy for Positioning Accuracy of Electric Actuator
Hao MENG, Liang TIAN
2021, 8(1): 80-86. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.012
Abstract:
  Introduction  In order to reduce the influence of the positioning accuracy of the electric actuator by the change of its internal parameters, and to reduce the maintenance frequency of the electric actuator.  Method  After the model of the electric actuator was improved, the influence factors of the steady-state error were obtained through simulation experiments. The compensation loop was further added to reduce the steady-state error. The parameters of the compensation loop were obtained by utilizing the BP neural network algorithm.  Result  The simulation result shows that the steady-state error of the electric actuator is related to the width of the dead zone of the controller, the backlash width of the reducer and the sign of the input signal. After adding the compensation circuit, the absolute value of the steady-state error can be guaranteed to fluctuate within 0.1% when the controller dead zone width and reducer backlash width change.  Conclusion  It solves the contradiction between the positioning accuracy and stability of electric actuator, and the problem of positioning accuracy being reduced due to the wear of reducer.
Discussion on Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction of Flue Gas, Air and Pulverized Coal Pipeline for 1 000 MW Unit
Dongming DU, Canshen TAN, Xiangyu ZHANG
2021, 8(1): 87-92. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.013
Abstract:
  Introduction  Now the coal-fired units have more advantage of bidding to access the net , It also puts forward higher requirements for fine design and optimization of flue gas, air and pulverized coal pipeline in order to achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption.  Method  The article mainly used the combined research method of theory analysis and practice verification, firstly the function of different flue gas, air and pulverized coal pipeline system are analyzed and discuss theoretically in the view of saving energy and reducing consumption , according to the results of theoretical analysis the article proposed optimization design of the detailed rules for the implementation of different system, the numerical simulation software was used to verify the theoretical results preliminarily, At the same time, the application and practice of the actual project were verified.  Result  The research method of the energy-saving and consumption-reduction scheme proposed for the flue gas, air and pulverized coal pipeline system has been proved theoretically and by practices that it has remarkable energy-saving effect, which can not only reduce the initial investment of the system, but also reduce the annual operation expenditure of the unit.  Conclusion  Although the relevant research results in this paper are based on 1 000 MW units, the basic theories and research methods are commonly applicable to other graded unit projects, which can provide important reference for the design of energy conservation and consumption reduction of flue gas, air and pulverized coal pipeline in subsequent projects.
The Effect of Terminal Temperature Difference of Heater in a 660 MW Unit on Heat Economy
Yibo MA, Xinping LIU
2021, 8(1): 93-99. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.014
Abstract:
  Introduction  The heater’s terminal temperature difference is one of the main reasons that affect the heat economy of the unit. It has great significance to accurately and quantitatively calculate the effect of heater’s terminal temperature difference on heat economy.  Method  A 660 MW unit was taken as the research object,the equivalent heat drop method was used to calculate the effect of the heater’s terminal temperature difference on the heat rate under the four operating conditions of THA, 80% THA, 60% THA and 40% THA. The influence of the terminal temperature difference of the same stage heater on the heat rate under different working conditions and its changing law were analyzed.  Result  The results showed that the terminal temperature difference of the last stage high pressure heater and No.2 low pressure heater have a greater influence on the heat rate under various operating conditions. As the output of the unit increases,the effect of the terminal temperature difference of the same stage of high pressure heater on the heat rate gradually becomes larger, and the effect of the terminal temperature difference of the same stage of low pressure heater on the heat rate gradually becomes smaller.  Conclusion  The research results are helpful for guiding the actual operation of the unit and improving the thermal economy of the unit.
Power System Technology
Research on Peak-shaving Problem of Receiving Power System with Nuclear Power Under Wind Power Grid Connection
Siyu LU, Minjia ZHENG, Weijie WU, Baorong ZHOU, Wenfeng YAO
2021, 8(1): 100-109. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.015
Abstract:
  Introduction  With the continuously increasing of the installed capacity and proportion of wind power and other new energy sources generation,the peak-shaving problem of receiving power system with nuclear power(such as Guangdong Power Grid) in flood season will be more prominent due to the influence of wind power anti peak shaving characteristics. In order to ensure the coordinated development of multiple types of power supply and the safe and reliable operation of power grid.  Method  Aiming at the peak shaving problem of the receiving end power system with nuclear power under the wind power grid connection, based on the full analysis of the domestic and foreign nuclear power units' participation in peak shaving and their technical economy, combined with the shortcomings of the conventional deterministic peak shaving check method, a peak shaving balance analysis method combining certainty with probability, typical week / typical day and whole year 8 760 h panoramic simulation was proposed.  Result  Taking the coastal provincial power grid as an example,the proposed method was applied to analyze the peak-shaving situation of receiving power system under different scenarios, and then some suggestions was presented.  Conclusion  The proposed method can give full play to the advantages of both deterministic and probabilistic methods and carry out more comprehensive and effective analysis and verification of the system peak regulation balance.
Influence of Load Model to Out-of-step Oscillation Characteristics of Power System
Weizhe MA, Weijie CHENG, Shipeng ZHANG, Qin XU
2021, 8(1): 110-114. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.016
Abstract:
  Introduction  Load, as the part that ultimately consumes active power, has a very important impact on the stability of the system. Therefore, the influence of different load models on out-of-step oscillation characteristics of power system is studied in this paper.  Method  This paper took a large grid’s regional discontinuity as the research target to comprehensively analyze the effects of different load models on the oscillation center and action of out of step splitting device using BPA program developed by China Electric Power Research Institute.  Result  The simulation results show when using the ZIP static load model, the line Ucos curve demonstrates the best periodic integrity , as the proportion of induction motor type load increases, the Ucos curve’s periodic integrity becomes worse, it even leads to a subversive change in the conclusion whether the out of step splitting device can react. In addition, different load models also cause the oscillation center migration.  Conclusion  Therefore, the credibility of simulation results can only be guaranteed by using the most realistic load model.
Hybrid Numerical Simulation of the Influence on SF6 Leakage of UHV GIL Pipe Under Different Leakage Pore Sizes
Guofeng XIAO, Naping HE
2021, 8(1): 115-121. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.017
Abstract:
  Introduction  In order to analyze the pressure relief process and diffusion pattern of SF6 leakage gas in a 6 km span in the UHV GIL, a type of 1D and 3D hybrid CFD numerical method is proposed. 1D Flowmaster was used to study the influence of different pore size of leakage port on SF6 pressure relief process. 3D Fluent was used to analyze the concentration distribution and diffusion pattern of SF6 in the pipe gallery.  Method  In order to verify the accuracy of the hybrid numerical method, the calculation results of 1D Flowmaster and 3D fluent for SF6 pressure relief process of the same pipe gallery structure was compared.  Result  The compared simulation result showed that Flowmaster simulation of pressure relief process has the characteristic of fast calculation speed and high accuracy.  Conclusion  Combining with the requirement of ventilation design, the classification of light, medium and heavy leakage accidents based on the interval of leakage aperture, the corresponding diffusion form, concentration distribution and other important data are obtained, which can provide guidance for practical application design and accident handling.
Electricity Market
Research on the Elastic Space of Transmission Price of West-to-East Power Transmission Project
Changxiang REN, Qian HAN
2021, 8(1): 122-127. doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2021.01.018
Abstract:
  Introduction  Under the background of electric reform, the pricing mechanism of transmission price for special projects across provinces has been clarified. Under the overall requirement of lowering the general industrial and commercial electricity price in the country, the transmission price of Power Transmission from West to East Project of China Southern Power Grid Company Limited experienced two downward adjustments in 2018-2019. Clarifying the price flexibility space of the Power Transmission from West to East Project has become the focus of attention of the government and transmission companies.  Method  Based on the pricing experience of domestic and international transregional transmission prices, this paper combines the asset allocation method, the operating period electricity price method, the permitted cost + income and other methods, measuring and comparing the cost of electricity, the accounting price of the pricing plan and the government's issued electricity price of the Power Transmission Project from West to East.  Results  Through the research and calculation of transmission price, the pricing mechanism and flexible space of the Power Transmission Project from West to East has been fully understood.  Conclusion  Based on the actual engineering empirical analysis, it is proved that the calculation method is reasonable and effective, which can provide a basis for the government to reasonably formulate the transmission price and the investment decision of the transmission company.